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Analysis of the Extent of Overloading on the Nigerian Highways

Received: 30 January 2020     Accepted: 13 February 2020     Published: 24 March 2020
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Abstract

Overloaded trucks occurrences is largely common in Nigeria where the axle-load control and enforcement is poor. This paper presents the analysis of the weigh-in-motion survey in Lokoja-Abuja road and the extent of overloaded trucks on the section of the way. The GVW violations amongst the different truck types revealed that 20% of the 2-axle trucks are overloaded, about a half of the 3-axle lorries (50%) are also overloaded, the 4-axle, 5-axle and 6-axle vehicles are the main contributors to truck overloading occurrences in Lokoja-Abuja road, Nigeria with 86%, 73% and 94% overloaded respectively. From the relationship between the numbers of axles each truck category (travelling at a certain speed) and the changes in GVW, the correlation coefficient was 0.855 which was significant at 0.01 level, indicating a compelling contribution of the number axle to overloading on the Nigerian road. The analysis showed that the axle load from weigh-in-motion data is hugely greater than ECOWAS standard weight in Lokoja-Abuja road, which may lead to accelerated deterioration, reducing the service life of the pavement structures.

Published in International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology (Volume 6, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijtet.20200601.14
Page(s) 22-29
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Overloading, Highway, Truck, Axle-load and Gross Vehicle Weight

References
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[2] Afolayan Olaniyi and Abidoye, Abdulmumin Olalekan (2017). Causes of Failures on Nigerian Roads: A Review. Journal of Advancement in Engineering and Technology, 5 (4), 1-5.
[3] Babatunde Raji Fashola (2018). Developments In The Road Sector Highlighting: Plans, Programmes and Progress On The Federal Road Network In Nigeria Presented at a One (1) day Stakeholders forum at by the Honourable Minister Of Power, Works & Housing.
[4] Bolt, J. (1981). Optimum axle loads of Commercial Vehicles in Developing Countries. Laboratory Report 1002, Transportation and Road Research laboratory, Crowhouse, England.
[5] D. Rys, J. Judycki And P. Jaskula (2016). Analysis of effect of overloaded vehicles on fatigue life of flexible pavements based on weigh in motion (WIM) data. Inter. J. of Pavement Eng. 17 (8), 716726.
[6] Directorate General of Highway (2016). Handling the vehicle overloading. Indonesia Transport, Supply Chain and Logistics.
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[9] FHA (2017). Online Publication of the Federal Highways administration Of the United States of January 31. (www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/pavements).
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[12] J. C. Pais, S. I. R. Amorim, and M. J. C. Minhoto (2013). Impact of traffic overload on road pavement performance. J. of Trans. Eng. 139 (9), 873–879.
[13] Jongga Jihanny, Bambang Sugeng Subagio and Eri Susanto Hariyadi (2018). The analysis of overloaded trucks in indonesia based on weigh in motion data (east of sumatera national road case study). MATEC Web of Conferences 147, 02006 (2018).
[14] Mulyono, A. T., Parikesit, D., Antameng, M., Rahim, R., (2010). Analysis of Loss Cost of Road Pavement Distress due to Overloading Freight Transportation, J. Eastern Asia Soc. for Transp. Stud., Vol. 8, 706-721.
[15] Podborochynski, D., Berthelot, C., Anthony, A., Marjerison, B., Litzenberger, R., Kealy, T., (2011). Quantifying Incremental Pavement Damage Caused by Overweight Trucks, Paper prepared for presentation at the Effects of Increased Loading on Pavement Session of the 2011 Annual Conference of the Transportation Association of Canada, Edmonton, Alberta.
[16] Sood, V. K., Sharma, B. M., Kanchan, P. K., Sitaramanjaneyulu, K. (1994). Pavement deterioration modelling in India”, Proceedings, Third International Conference on Managing Pavements, Texas, U.S.A.
[17] Straus, S. H., Semmens, J., (2006). Estimating the Cost of Overweight Vehicle Travel on Arizona Highways, Arizona Department of Transportation, Final Report 528.
[18] Wong J. Y., (1993). Theory of Ground Vehicle. John Wiley & Sons Inc.
[19] Yamanaka, H., Saifizul, A. A. and Karim, M. R., (2011a). Empirical analysis of gross vehicle weight and free flow speed and consideration on its relation with differential speed limit. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 43, 1068-1073.
[20] Yamanaka, H., Saifizul, A. A. and Karim, M. R., Okushima, M., (2011b). Empirical analysis on the effect of gross vehicle weight and vehicle size on speed in car following situation. Proc. of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, Vol. 8, pp. 305-317.
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  • APA Style

    Oyekanmi Olufemi Jacob, Ibe Callistus Chukwudi, Ebiringa Oforegbunam Thaddeus, Ejem Ejem Agwu. (2020). Analysis of the Extent of Overloading on the Nigerian Highways. International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology, 6(1), 22-29. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20200601.14

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    ACS Style

    Oyekanmi Olufemi Jacob; Ibe Callistus Chukwudi; Ebiringa Oforegbunam Thaddeus; Ejem Ejem Agwu. Analysis of the Extent of Overloading on the Nigerian Highways. Int. J. Transp. Eng. Technol. 2020, 6(1), 22-29. doi: 10.11648/j.ijtet.20200601.14

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    AMA Style

    Oyekanmi Olufemi Jacob, Ibe Callistus Chukwudi, Ebiringa Oforegbunam Thaddeus, Ejem Ejem Agwu. Analysis of the Extent of Overloading on the Nigerian Highways. Int J Transp Eng Technol. 2020;6(1):22-29. doi: 10.11648/j.ijtet.20200601.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijtet.20200601.14,
      author = {Oyekanmi Olufemi Jacob and Ibe Callistus Chukwudi and Ebiringa Oforegbunam Thaddeus and Ejem Ejem Agwu},
      title = {Analysis of the Extent of Overloading on the Nigerian Highways},
      journal = {International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology},
      volume = {6},
      number = {1},
      pages = {22-29},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijtet.20200601.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20200601.14},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijtet.20200601.14},
      abstract = {Overloaded trucks occurrences is largely common in Nigeria where the axle-load control and enforcement is poor. This paper presents the analysis of the weigh-in-motion survey in Lokoja-Abuja road and the extent of overloaded trucks on the section of the way. The GVW violations amongst the different truck types revealed that 20% of the 2-axle trucks are overloaded, about a half of the 3-axle lorries (50%) are also overloaded, the 4-axle, 5-axle and 6-axle vehicles are the main contributors to truck overloading occurrences in Lokoja-Abuja road, Nigeria with 86%, 73% and 94% overloaded respectively. From the relationship between the numbers of axles each truck category (travelling at a certain speed) and the changes in GVW, the correlation coefficient was 0.855 which was significant at 0.01 level, indicating a compelling contribution of the number axle to overloading on the Nigerian road. The analysis showed that the axle load from weigh-in-motion data is hugely greater than ECOWAS standard weight in Lokoja-Abuja road, which may lead to accelerated deterioration, reducing the service life of the pavement structures.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Analysis of the Extent of Overloading on the Nigerian Highways
    AU  - Oyekanmi Olufemi Jacob
    AU  - Ibe Callistus Chukwudi
    AU  - Ebiringa Oforegbunam Thaddeus
    AU  - Ejem Ejem Agwu
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    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijtet.20200601.14
    T2  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
    JF  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
    JO  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
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    EP  - 29
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2575-1751
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20200601.14
    AB  - Overloaded trucks occurrences is largely common in Nigeria where the axle-load control and enforcement is poor. This paper presents the analysis of the weigh-in-motion survey in Lokoja-Abuja road and the extent of overloaded trucks on the section of the way. The GVW violations amongst the different truck types revealed that 20% of the 2-axle trucks are overloaded, about a half of the 3-axle lorries (50%) are also overloaded, the 4-axle, 5-axle and 6-axle vehicles are the main contributors to truck overloading occurrences in Lokoja-Abuja road, Nigeria with 86%, 73% and 94% overloaded respectively. From the relationship between the numbers of axles each truck category (travelling at a certain speed) and the changes in GVW, the correlation coefficient was 0.855 which was significant at 0.01 level, indicating a compelling contribution of the number axle to overloading on the Nigerian road. The analysis showed that the axle load from weigh-in-motion data is hugely greater than ECOWAS standard weight in Lokoja-Abuja road, which may lead to accelerated deterioration, reducing the service life of the pavement structures.
    VL  - 6
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Transport Management Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

  • Department of Transport Management Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

  • Department of Financial Management Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

  • Department of Transport Management Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

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